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In the past, operations were difficult. Until the middle of the eighteen
fifties, surgery was very dangerous. Many patients died after even the smallest
operations. This was because bacteria entered the cuts in the patients
bodied’and started infection. In some countries, up to 90 percent of patients
died from inf ection after operations. In 1865, however, Joseph Lister, a
British surgeon, found an answer to the problem. He used an “antiseptic during”
and after operations. This killed the dangerous bacteria and most of his
patients lived. Since then, surgeons have used antiseptics in all
operations.Surgery has developed in many important ways since the day of Joseph
Lister. Today, when patients go to hospital for an operation, they can expect
thebest treatment, in clean and hygienic conditions.
33. Operations were difficult and dangerous until_______.
A.1850
B. the middle of 1850
C. the middle of the fifties of the eighteenth century
D. the middle of the fifties of the nineteenth century
34. In the passage, surgery means__________.
A. The performing of an operation
B. cure
C. treatment
D. medicine
35. In the past, up to 90 percent of patients died after operations mainly
b
ecause__________.
A. bacteria entered the cuts in the patients bodies’and infection took
place
B. the conditions in hospitals were bad
C. the skill of surgeons was not so good
D. there were no good medicine at that time
36. Which topic of the following best suits the passage?
A. Operations were difficult in the past
B. The devotion of Joseph Lister to medical science
C. Surgery has become safer
D. Developments in surgery
37. Joseph Lister was________.
A. a Frenchman
B. a German
C. an Englishman
D. an Americ
