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SectionC WhatalovelyplaceXeroxistoworkKimMoloney,aclientservicesexecutive,can’tsayenoughnicethingsaboutheremployer.‘It’saveryspecialenvironment,’shesays.‘PeopledescribeXeroxasafamilyandIwasamazedatthenumberofpeoplewhohaveworkedhereforsolong.’It’stemptingtotakeMoloney’scommentswithapinchofsalt,especiallyconsideringthatwhenyou’vebeenworkingsomewhereforonlytwoyears,asshehasatXerox,everyoneseemsoldandestablished.Butthere’struthbehindherenthusiasm. TakeCarolePalmer,thegroupresourcesdirector.ShejoinedXeroxin1978asatempandhasbeeninherpresentroleforsevenyears.‘Xeroxhasbeengoodtomeovertheyears,’shesays.‘Ithassupportedmethroughqualifications…andlastyearItookpartinthevice-presidentincumbentprogram.’HumanresourcesistakenseriouslyatXerox,Palmersays,andthecompanyhasapolicyofpromotingfromwithin(whichwouldexplainMoloney’samazementathercolleagues’longevity).ThecompanytakesononlyfifteentotwentygraduateseachyearandMoloneywaspartofanintakewhojoinedhavingalreadyacquiredacoupleofyears’workexperience.ShestartedasaprojectmanagerforXeroxGlobalServicesbeforemovingintosales.Nowherresponsibilityisto‘growandmaintaincustomerrelationships’. MoloneyisbasedattheheadofficeinUxbridge.‘It’sgreatintermsofworkingenvironment,’shesays.‘We’vejustgotanewproviderinthecanteenand…wehavebrainstormingroomsandbreakoutareas.’MuchofMoloney’sroleisvisitingclients,soshedoesn’thaveapermanentdeskatheadoffice.‘I’mahot-desker,whichisgoodbecauseyougettositwithdifferentpeopleinthehot-deskareas.Andyou’regivenaplacetostoreyourthings.’Headofficestaffnumbersbetween1,200and1,500people,Palmersays.ThecompanyhasfourothermainofficesintheUK.Thenatureoftheorganization,whichencompassessalesandmarketing,globalservices(thebiggestdivision),developingmarkets,researchanddevelopmentandmanufacturing,meansthattheopportunitiesatthecompanyvaryfromserviceengineerstosalesrolesandconsultants. Perksincludeafinal-salarypensionschemeandvariousdiscountschemes.Therewardandrecognitionschemeisalittledifferent,andrathernice:‘Eachmanagerhasabudgeteveryyeartorecognizeandrewardstaff,’Palmersays.‘Itcanbeintheformofamealfortwo,orabottleofwine.Itcanbeupto£1,000.There’stherecognition,andthenthere’sputtingmoneybehindit.’Moloney,however,likesthenon-cashrewards.‘Xeroxtakescareofallitsstaffbutitalsorecognizesthepeoplewhoputintheaddedeffort,’shesays.‘Itoffersonce-in-a-lifetimeincentivetrips,andrecentlyIorganizedasailingtripformyteam.’ Theideaofworkingabroadwiththecompanyappealstoher,andshesaysthathercareergoalistobepartoftheseniormanagementteam.Here’sanotheremployee,itwouldseem,whoisinitforthelonghaul. ()1.Thejournalistofthisarticlethinksthat. A.staffatXeroxarenottellingthetruthabutthecompany. B.Xeroxoffersgreatbenefitstostaff. C.Xeroxisthebestcompanyintheworld. D.Xeroxhasthebestworkingenvironment. ()2.Thecompanytendstofinditsnewmanager. A.onlyformgraduatesB.ontrainingcourses C.fromexistingstaffD.fromjobmarkets ()3.Whatdoesthephrase“totakeon”inthesentence“Thecompanytakesononlyfifteentotwentygraduateseachyearand…”ofthesecondparagraphmean?. A.TotrainB.Toemploy C.TointerviewD.Tomaintain(A) ()4.Aswellasrecognizingitsstaffthroughpromotion,Xerox. A.givescashbonuses B.givesunpaidleavetotaketripsofalifetime. C.providesanumberofperks. D.provideshugeend-of-yearbonuses. ()5.OnecommonfeatureofXeroxstaffisthattheytend. A.toworkhardB.togetpromoted C.worklongerhourseachdayD.nottochangeemployer
试题分类: 初级(阅读)
练习次数:22次
PASSAGETWO (1)TheNobelsaretheoriginals,ofcourse.AlfredNobel,themanwhoinventeddeadlyexplosives,decidedtotryanddosomethinggoodwithallthemoneyheearned,andgaveprizestopeoplewhomadeprogressinliterature,science,economicsand—perhapsmostimportantly—peace. (2)NotallrewardsareasnobleastheNobels.Eventhoughmostcountrieshaveasystemofrecognizing,honoringandrewardingpeoplewhohavedonesomethinggoodintheircountries,therearenowhundredsofawardsandawardceremoniesforallkindsofthings. (3)TheOscarsareprobablythemostfamous,atimeforthe(mostly)Americanfilmindustrytotellitselfhowgooditisandanannualopportunityforlotsofbigstarstogiveeachotherawardsandmaketearfulspeeches.AswellasthattherearealsotheGoldenGlobes,evidentlyforthesamething. (4)Butit’snotonlyfilms---therearealsoGrammies,Brits,theMercuryPrizeandtheMTVformusic.InBritain,awriterwhowinstheBookerPrizecanexpecttoseetheirdifficult,literarynovelhitthebestsellerlistsandcompetewiththeDaVinciCodeforpopularity.TheTurnerPrizeisanawardforBritishcontemporaryartists—eachyearitcausescontroversybyapparentlygivinglotsofmoneytoartistswhodothingslikedisplayingtheirbeds,puttinganimalsinglasscasesor—thisyear—buildingagardenshed. (5)Awardsdon’tonlyexistforarts.TherearenowawardsforSportsPersonalityoftheYear,forEuropeanFootballeroftheYearandWorldFootballeroftheYear.Thisseemsverystrange—sometimesawardscanbegoodtogiverecognitiontopeoplewhodeserveit,ortohelppeoplewhodon’tmakealotofmoneycarryontheirworkwithoutworryingaboutfinances,butprofessionalsoccerplayersthesedayscertainlyaren’tshortofcash! (6)Manysmalltownsandcommunitiesallovertheworldalsohavetheirownawardceremonies,forlocalwritersorartists,orjustforpeoplewhohavegraduatedfromhighschoolor,gotauniversitydegree.EventheBritishCouncilhasitsownawardsfor“InnovationinEnglishLanguageTeaching”. (7)Whyhavealltheseawardsandceremoniesappearedrecently?Shakespeareneverwonaprize, nordidLeonardoDaVinciorAdamSmithorCharlesDickens. (8)Itwouldbepossibletosay,however,thatinthepast,scientistsandartistscouldwin“patronageformrichpeople”—akingoralordwouldgivetheartistsorscientistsmoneytohavethempainttheirpalacesorhelpthemdevelopnewwaysofmakingmoney.Withthechangeinsocialsystemsacrosstheworld,thisnolongerhappens.Alotofscientificresearchisnoweitherfundedbythestateorbyprivatecompanies. (9)Perhapsawardceremoniesarejustthemostrecentphaseofthisprocess. (10)However,thereismoretoitthanthat.WhenafilmwinsanOscar,manymorepeoplewillgoandseeit,orbuytheDVD.WhenawriterwinstheNobelPrize,manymorepeoplebuytheirbooks.WhenagroupwinstheMTVawards,theceremonyisseenbyhundredsofthousandsofpeopleacrosstheworld.Theresult?Thegroupsellslotsmorerecords.(11)Mostawardceremoniesarenowsponsoredbybigorganizationsorcompanies.Thismeansthatitisnotonlythepersonwhowinstheawardwhobenefits---butalsothesponsors.TheMTVawards,forexample,aregreatforpublicizingnotonlymusic,butalsoMTVitself! (12)Onthesurface,itseemstobea“Win-win”situation,witheveryonebeinghappy,butletmeaskyouaquestion—howfardoyouthinkthatpublicityandmarketingarewinninghere,andhowmuchgenuinerecognitionofachievementistakingplace? 1.Whatistheauthor’stonewhenhementionsawardssuchastheOscars,theGoldenGlobesand Grammies(Paras.3&4) A.Amused. B.Appreciative. C.Sarcastic. D.Serious. 2.AccordingtoPara.4,whatwouldhappentoawardwinningwriters? A.Theywouldenjoyamuchlargerreadership. B.Theywouldturntopopularnovelwriting. C.Theywouldcontinuenon-fictionwriting. D.Theywouldtrycontroversialformsofart. 3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupPara.6? A.Awardsceremoniesareheldforlocalpeople. B.Awardsceremoniesareheldonimportantoccasions. C.Awardsceremoniesareheldincertainprofessions. D.Awardsceremoniesareheldforallsortsofreasons. 4.AccordingtoPara.8,onedifferencebetweenscientistsandartistsinthepastandthoseatpresent liesin_____________. A.natureofwork B.personalcontact C.sourceoffunding D.socialstatus 5.ItcanbeconcludedfromPara.12thattheauthorthinksawards________. A.promotemarketratherthanachievements B.dogoodtobothmarketandpopularity C.helpthosewhoarereallytalented D.areeffectiveinmakingpeoplepopular
试题分类: 专业英语四级
练习次数:5次
Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinotherrespectsappeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence–asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderwhathitus.Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandherdertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother'sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation."Talk,talk,talk,"theadvocatesofviolencesay,"allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser."It'sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser."Possible,mylord,"thebarristerreplied,"nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed."Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve. 1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage? [A]AdvocatingViolence. [B]ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice. [C]ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution. [D]TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence. 2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus [A]violenceneversolvesanything.[B]nothing.[C]thebloodshedmeansnothing.[D]everything. 3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen [A]can'tgetahearing. [B]arelookeddownupon. [C]arepersecuted. [D]Havedifficultyin advocatinglawenforcement. 4."Hewasnonethewiser"means [A]hewasnotatallwiseinlistening. [B]Hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore. [C]Hegainsnothingafterlistening. [D]Hemakesnosenseoftheargument. 5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis [A]lawenforcement.[B]knowledge.[C]nonviolence.[D]Moppinguptheviolentmess.
试题分类: 专业英语八级
练习次数:8次
Thetouristtradeisbooming.Withallthiscomingandgoing,you'dexpectgreaterunderstandingodevelopbetweenthenationsoftheworld.Notabitofit!Superbsystemsofcommunicationbyair,seaandlandmakeitpossibleforustovisiteachother'scountriesatamoderatecost.Whatwasoncethe'grandtour',reservedforonlytheveryrich,isnowwithineverybody'sgrasp? Thepackagetourandcharteredflightsarenottobesneeredat.Moderntravelersenjoyalevelofcomfortwhichthelordsandladiesongrandtoursintheolddayscouldn'thavedreamedof.Butwhat'sthesenseofthismassexchangeofpopulationsifthenationsoftheworldremainbasicallyignorantofeachother? Manytouristorganizationsaredirectlyresponsibleforthisstateofaffairs.Theydeliberatelysetouttoprotecttheirclientsfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.Themoderntouristleadsacosseted,shelteredlife.Helivesatinternationalhotels,whereheeatshisinternationalfoodandsipshisinternationaldrinkwhilehegazesatthenativesfromadistance.Conductedtourstoplacesofinterestarecarefullycensored.Thetouristisallowedtoseeonlywhattheorganizerswanthimtoseeandnomore.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossibleforthetouristtowanderoffonhisown;andanyway,languageisalwaysabarrier,soheisonlytoohappytobeprotectedinthisway.Atitsveryworst,thisleadstoanewandhideouskindofcolonization. Thesummerquartersoftheinhabitantsoftheciteuniversitaire:aretemporarilyreestablishedontheislandofCorfu.BlackpoolisrecreatedatTorremolinoswherethetravelergoesnottoeatpaella,butfishandchips.Thesadthingaboutthissituationisthatitleadstothepersistenceofnationalstereotypes.Wedon'tseethepeopleofothernationsastheyreallyare,butaswehavebeenbroughtuptobelievetheyare.Youcantestthisforyourself.Takefivenationalities,say,French,German,English,AmericanandItalian.Nowinyourmind,matchthemwiththesefiveadjectives:musical,amorous,cold,pedantic,native.Farfromprovidinguswithanyinsightintothenationalcharacteristicsofthepeoplesjustmentioned,theseadjectivesactuallyactasbarriers.Sowhenyousetoutonyourtravels,theonlycharacteristicsyounoticearethosewhichconfirmyourpreconceptions.Youcomeawaywiththehighlyunoriginalandinaccurateimpressionthat,say,'Anglo-Saxonsarehypocrites'ofthat'Latinpeoplesshoutalot'.Youonlyhavetomakeafewforeignfriendstounderstandhowabsurdandharmfulnationalstereotypesare.Buthowcanyoumakeforeignfriendswhenthetouristtradedoesitsbesttopreventyou?Carriedtoanextreme,stereotypescanbepositivelydangerous.Wildgeneralizationsstirupracialhatredandblindustothebasicfact〞howtriteitsounds!每Thatallpeoplearehuman.Weareallsimilartoeachotherandatthesametimeallunique. 1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis [A]Tourismcontributesnothingtoincreasingunderstandingbetweennations. [B]Tourismistiresome. [C]Conductedtourisdull. [D]Tourismreallydoessomethingtoone'scountry. 2.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtourism? [A]apprehensive.[B]negative.[C]critical.[D]appreciative. 3.WhichwordinthefollowingisthebesttosummarizeLatinpeopleshoutalot? [A]silent.[B]noisy.[C]lively.[D]active. 4.Thepurposeoftheauthor'scriticismistopointout [A]conductedtourisdisappointing. [B]thewayoftouringshouldbechanged. [C]whentraveling,younoticecharacteristicswhichconfirmpreconception. [D]nationalstereotypesshouldbechanged. 5.Whatis'grandtour'now? [A]moderatecost. [B]localsight-seeingisinvestigatedbythetouristorganization. [C]peopleenjoythefirst-ratecomforts. [D]everybodycanenjoythe'grandtour'
试题分类: 专业英语八级
练习次数:1次
Peoplewithdisabilitiescomprisealargepartofthepopulation.Itisestimatedthatover35millionAmericanshavephysical,mental,orotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesare“developmental”,i.e.,theyoccurpriortotheindividual’stwenty-secondbirthday,oftenformgeneticconditions,andaresevereenoughtoeffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopment,suchasmobility,communication,employment,etc.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsidered“adventitious”,i.e.,accidentalorcausedbyoutsideforces. Priortothe20thcentury,onlyasmallpercentageofpeoplewithdisabilitiessurvivedforlong.Medicaltreatmentforthesedisabilitieswasunavailable.Advancementsinmedicineandsocialserviceshavecreatedaclimateinwhichpeoplewithdisabilitiescanexperttohavesuchbasicneedsasfood,shelter,andmedicaltreatment.Unfortunately,thesebasicareoftennotavailable.Civillibertiessuchastherighttovote,marry,getaneducation,andagainemploymenthavehistoricallybeendeniedonthebasicofdisability. Inrecentdecades,thedisabilityrightsmovementhasbeenorganizedtoflightagainsttheseinfringements(侵害)ofcivilrights.Congressrespondedbypassingmajorlegislationrecognizingpeoplewithdisabilitiesasprotectedclassundercivilrightsstatutes. Stilltoday,peoplewithdisabilitiesmustfighttolivetheirlivesindependently.ItisestimatedthatmorethanhalfofqualifiedAmericanswithdisabilitiesareunemployed,andamajorityofthosewhodoworkareunderemployed.Abouttwo-thirdsliveatorbelowtheofficialpovertylevel. Significantbarriers,especiallyintransportationandpublicawareness,preventdisabledpeoplefromtakingpartinsociety.Forexample,whilenolongerprohibitedbylawfrommarrying,apersonwithnoaccesstotransportationiseffectivelyexcludedfromcommunityandsocialactivitieswhichmightleadtothedevelopmentoflong-termrelationships. Itwillonlybewhenpublicattitudesadvanceasfaraslawsarethatdisabledpeoplewillbefullyabletotaketotheirrightplaceinsociety. 16.”developmental”disability. A.developsveryslowlyovertimeB.iscausedforces C.occursinyouthandaffectsdevelopmentD.isgettingmoreandmoresevere 17.Mostdisabledpeopleusedtodieearlybecause. A.disabilitiesdestroyedmajorbodilyfunctionsB.theywerenotverywelllookedafter C.medicaltechniqueswerenotavailableD.theyweretoopoortogetpropertreatment 18.Intheauthor’sopinion,toenablethedisabledpeopletotaketheirrightfulplaceinsociety,. A.morelawsshouldbepassedB.publicattitudesshouldbechanged C.governmentshouldprovidemoreaidsD.morepublicfacilitiesshouldbeactup 19.Whichofthefollowingcannotbeinferredfromthepassage? A.Manydisabledpeoplemayremainsinglefortheirwholelife. B.Thepublictendstolookdownuponthedisabledpeople. C.Thedisabledpeoplefeelinferiortothosesurroundingthem. D.Discriminatory(有差别的)lawspreventthedisabledfrommixingwithothers. 20.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe. A.HandicapsofPeoplewithDisabilitiesB.TheDifficultiesoftheDisabled C.TheCausesforDisabilitiesD.MedicalTreatmentsforDisabilities PartIIVocabularyandStructure(共40小题,每小题1分,共40分) Directions:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet. 21.It’sstillearlyinthemorning.Thereisn’tintheoffice. A.anyoneB.everyoneC.nobodyD.anypeople 22.isnotknownwhattheydiscussedinthemeeting. A.ThatB.HeC.ThisD.It 23.Yhesadnewsbrokeherandshehasbeengloomyeversince. A.feelingsB.emotionsC.mindD.heart 24.Heismuchofagentlemantofight. A.soB.asC.veryD.too 25.Notuntilthistermtorealizehowimportantthissubjectistohisfuturecareerasadiplomat. A.hebeganB.hahasbegunC.didhebeginD.thathahasbegun 26.whowouldliketogoonthetripshouldputtheirnamesonthelist. A.ThoseB.TheseC.SomebodyD.Theones 27.Abottleweighslessafterairistakenout,provesthatairhasweight. A.weB.itC.whichD.what 28.Howlong? A.yousupposediditlastB.doyousupposeitlasted C.didyousupposeitlastD.yousupposeitlasted 29.Smmithhadsometroubletheman’saccent. A.tounderstandB.understandingC.forunderstandingD.withunderstanding 30.Thenextfewdayscouldbeforthepeacenegotiation. A.maximumB.practicalC.criticalD.urgent 31.Hequitealotwhenhewasyoung. A.usedtotravelB.usedtotravelingC.wasusedtotravelD.wouldusedtotravel 32.Youmeyourtelephonenumberincasesomeonewantstocontactyou. A.hadbettergiveB.hadbettergivenC.hadbettertogiveD.hadbettergave 33.MaryusedtotheroomwithLinda. A.separateB.divideC.holdD.share 34.—Mustwehandinourexercise-booksnow? —No,you. A.mustn’tB.don’tC.needn’tD.can’t 35.Shepulledawayfromthewindowanyoneshouldseethem. A.lestB.eventhoughC.unlessD.onlyif 36.Notahasbeenfoundsofarthatcanhelpthepolicefindthecriminal. A.factB.clueC.symbolD.sign 37.Shewouldmakeateacherfarsuperiortheaverage. A.overB.thanC.beyondD.to 38.Radioisdifferentfromtelevisioninitsendsandreceivespictures. A.whichB.thatC.whatD.this 39.Tomandjackhavereturnedbutstudentsofthegrouphaven’tcomebackyet. A.otherB.theothersC.othersD.another 40.Ithalfayearsincewetostudyinthisuniversity. A.is;comeB.is;havecome C.hasbeen;cameD.hasbeen;havecome 41.Thefactthatsomethingischeapdoesn’tmeanitisoflowquality. A.necessarilyB.especiallyC.essentiallyD.practically 42.Theysetoffbycarandthenearesttown. A.madeforB.madeafterC.madeoutD.madeto 43.Takethisbaggageandyoucanfindenoughroom. A.putitwhichB.putitinwhich C.putitatwhereD.putitwherever 44.Hedoesn’twantthathe’sgoingaway. A..tobeknownB.himtobeknown C.thattobeknownD.ittobeknown 45.Thenoisearoundwasterrible,butIhadtoit. A.keepawayfromB.keepupwithC.livewithD.liveon 46.Hethathisguestswerebored,althoughtheywerelisteningpolitely. A.impressedB.sensedC.inferredD.identified 47.OnSundaysIpreferathometoout. A.tosay;goB.stay;goingC.staying;goingD.staying;go 48.I’dliketowritetohim,butwhat’sthe?Heneverwritesback. A.significanceB.businessC.pointD.purpose 49.Therewereopinionsastothebestlocationforthenewschool. A.disagreeingB.conflictingC.rejectingD.reverting 50.bythenewsofhisfather’sdeath,hecouldhardlyutteraword. A.TobestunnedB.StunnedC.TostunD.Stunning 51.,we’dbettermakesomechangesintheplan. A.ThatisthecaseB.Thatbeenthecase C.ThattobethecaseD.Thatbeingthecase 52.Theyhaveequippedtheofficewiththebusinessmachines. A.lastB.latterC.latestD.later 53.ThepolicefoundthatGeorgehadstillanotherofincome. A.originB.sourceC.basisD.means 54.Anopen-mindedteacherdoesn’talwaysonesingleteachingmethod. A.setasideB.takeoverC.takeonD.stickto 55.Muchtothestudent’s,theexamwaspostponed. A.burdenB.concernC.reliefD.requirement 56.Childrennormallyfeelalotofabouttheirfirstdayatschool. A.anxietyB.differenceC.feelingsD.trouble 57.Theweatherwashotthatshedecidedtohavethebarberherhairstyle. A.rather;tochangeB.so;change C.muchtoo;changeD.too;changed 58.Shemeetherformerinstructoronthebus. A.delightedtoB.happenedtoC.pleasedtoD.tendedto 59.Justasnotwowordsaretrulysynonymousnotwodifferentexpressionscanmeanexactlythesamething. A.ratherB.alsoC.yetD.so 60.Thenewengineer’ssuggestionswereintherevisedplan. A.entitledB.engagedC.embodiedD.estimated
试题分类: 大学英语四级
练习次数:0次
Passage4 Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage: Thenewglobalsatellitecommunicationssystemswillofferthreekindsservice,whichmayoverlapinmanydifferentkindsofreceivers. VOICE.SatellitetelephoneswillbeabletomakecallsfromanywhereontheEarthtoanywhereelse.Thatcouldmakethemespeciallyusefultoremote,thirdworldvillages(someofwhichalreadyusestationarysatellitetelephones),explorersanddisaster-reliefteams.Today’smobiletelephonesdependonearth-boundtransmitters,wheretechnicalstandardsvaryfromcountrytocountry.Sobusinesstravelerscannotusetheirmobilephonesoninternationaltrips.Satellitetelephoneswouldmakethatpossible. MESSAGING.Satellitemassagershavethesameglobalcoverageassatellitetelephones,butcarrytextalone,whichcouldbeusefulforthosewithlaptopcomputers.Equippedwithasmallscreenliketoday’spapers,satellitemassagerswillalsoreceiveshortmessages. TRACKING.Voiceandmessagingsystemswillalsotelltheiruserswheretheyaretowithinafewhundredmeters.Combinedwiththemessagingservice,thelocationservicecouldhelprescueteamstofindstrandedadventurers,thepolicetofindstolencars,exporterstofollowtheprogressofcargoes,andhaulagecompaniestocheckthatdriversarenotdetouringthepub.America’smilitaryGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)satellitewillprovidebetterpositioninginformationtoanyonewhohasareceiverfortheirsignals,butGPSdoesnotcarrymessages,sosuchareceivercannotbeusedonitsownfortrackingorrescue.Bythemid-1990s,GPSreceiverswillbeabletotellpeoplewheretheyaretowithin70metersanywhereintheworld,andtowithinameterorsoinareaswheretheserviceissupplementedbyground-basedtransmitter. 16.Globalsatellitecommunicationssystemswillbeusefulto. A.laptopcomputerusers B.remotevillages C.disaster-reliefteams D.allabove 17.Satellitetelephonewillmake. A.businesstravelersusemobilephonesoninternationaltrips B.possiblecallsfromanywhereonearthtoanywhereelse C.explorershappy D.allabove 18.Whichofthefollowingistrue? A.ThepositioningprecisionofthevoicesystemisbetterthanthatofGPS. B.ThepositioningprecisionofGPSisBetterthanthatofthevoicesystem. C.ThepositioningprecisionofthemessagingsystemisbetterthanofGPS. D.Thepositioningprecisionofvoicesystemisbetterthanthatofthemessagingsystem. 19.Whatcanwesayaboutthenewglobalsatellitecommunicationssystems? A.Theyarewidelyused. B.Theyareveryhelpful. C.Theyarecostly. D.BothAandB. 20.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthepassage? A.GlobalSatelliteCommunications B.NewVoiceandMessagingSystem C.NewGenerationSatellite D.AlwaysinTouch
试题分类: 大学英语六级
练习次数:0次
Passage4 Questions 16to 20arebasedonthefollowingpassage: Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjuredeachyear.Atthespeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathird-floorwindows.Wearingaseatbeltsaveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf. Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto£50.itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver’sresponsibilitytomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingaseatbeltofsomekind. However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyoureversingyourvehicle;oryouaremakingalocaldeliveryorcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstancesapplytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyouseatbelt.(76)Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit. 1.Thistextistakenfrom________. A)amedicalmagazineB)apolicereport C)alegaldocumentD)agovernmentinformationbooklet 2.Wearingaseatbeltinavehicle________. A)reducesroadaccidentsbymorethanhalf B)savesliveswhiledrivingataspeedupto30milesperhour C)reducesthedeathrateintrafficaccidentsD)savesmorethan15,000liveseachyear 3.Itisthedriver’sresponsibilityto________. A)makethefrontseatpassengerwearaseatbelt B)makethefrontseatchildrenunder14wearaseatbelt C)stopchildrenridinginthefrontseatD)wearaseatbelteachtimehedrives 4.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingpeopleridinginthefrontdosnothavetowearaseatbelt? A)Someonewhoisbackingintoaparkingspace. B)Someonewhoispickingupthechildrenfromthelocalschool. C)Someonewhoisdeliveringinvitationletters. D)Someonewhoisunder14. 5.Forsomepeople,itmaybebetter________. A)towearaseatbeltforhealthreasons B)nottowearaseatbeltforhealthreasons C)togetvalidmedicalcertificatebeforewearingaseatbelt D)topayafineratherthanwearaseatbelt
试题分类: 成人英语三级
练习次数:0次
AsGilbertWhite,Darwin,andothersobservedlongago,allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheirnumbersfromgenerationtogeneration.Thetaskforecologistsistountangletheenvironmentaandbiologicalfactorsthatholdthisintrinsiccapacityforpopulationgrowthincheckoverthelongrun.Thegreatvarietyofdynamicbehaviorsexhibitedbydifferentpopulationmakesthistaskmoredifficult:sompopulationsremainroughlyconstantfromyeartoyear;othersexhibitregularcyclesofabundanceandscarcity;stillothersvarywildly,withoutbreaksandcrashesthatareinsomecasesplainlycorrelatedwiththeweather,andinothercasesnot.Toimposesomeorderonthiskaleidoscopeofpatterns,oneschoolofthoughtproposesdividingpopulationsintotwogroups.Theseecologistspositthattherelativelysteadypopulationshavedensity-dependentgrowthparameters;thatis,ratesofbirth,death,andmigrationwhichdependstronglyonpopulationdensity.Thehighlyvaryingpopulationshavedensity-independentgrowthparameters,withvitalratesbuffetedbyenvironmentalevents;theseratesfluctuateinawaythatiswhollyindependentofpopulationdensity.Thisdichotomyhasitsuses,butitcancauseproblemsiftakentooliterally.Foronething,nopopulationcanbedrivenentirelybydensity-independentfactorsallthetime.Nomatterhowseverelyorunpredictablybirth,death,andmigrationratesmaybefluctuatingaroundtheirlong-termaverages,iftherewerenodensity-dependenteffects,thepopulationwould,inthelongrun,eitherincreaseordecreasewithoutbound(barringamiraclebywhichgainsandlossescanceledexactly)。Putanotherway,itmaybethatonaverage99percentofalldeathsinapopulationarisefromdensity-independentcauses,andonlyonepercentfromfactorsvaryingwithdensity.Thefactorsmakinguptheonepercentmayseemunimportant,andtheircausemaybecorrespondinglyhardtodetermine.Yet,whetherrecognizedornot,theywillusuallydeterminethelong-termaveragepopulationdensity.Inordertounderstandthenatureoftheecologist’sinvestigation,wemaythinkofthedensity-dependenteffectsongrowthparametersasthesignalecologistsaretryingtoisolateandinterpret,onethattendstomakethepopulationincreasefromrelativelylowvaluesordecreasefromrelativelyhighones,whilethedensity-independenteffectsacttoproducenoiseinthepopulationdynamics.Forpopulationsthatremainrelativelyconstant,orthatoscillatearoundrepeatedcycles,thesignalcanbefairlyeasilycharacterizedanditseffectsdescribed,eventhoughthecausativebiologicalmechanismmayremainunknown.Forirregularlyfluctuatingpopulations,wearelikelytohavetoofewobservationstohaveanyhopeofextractingthesignalfromtheoverwhelmingnoise.Butitnowseemsclearthatallpopulationsareregulatedbyamixtureofdensity-dependentanddensity-independenteffectsinvaryingproportions. 1.Theauthorofthetextisprimarilyconcernedwith [A]Discussingtwocategoriesoffactorsthatcontrolpopulationgrowthandassessingtheirrelativeimportance. [B]Describinghowgrowthratesinnaturalpopulationsfluctuateovertimeandexplainingwhythesechangesoccur. [C]Proposingahypothesisconcerningpopulationsizeandsuggestingwaystotestit. [D]Posingafundamentalquestionaboutenvironmentalfactorsinpopulationgrowthandpresentingsomecurrentlyacceptedanswer. 2.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorconsidersthedichotomydiscussedtobe [A]Applicableonlytoerraticallyfluctuatingpopulations. [B]instrumental,butonlyifitslimitationsarerecognized. [C]Dangerouslymisleadinginmostcircumstances. [D]Acompleteandsufficientwaytoaccountforobservedphenomena. 3.tothetext,allofthefollowingbehaviorshavebeenexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsEXCEPT [A]Roughlyconstantpopulationlevelsfromyeartoyear. [B]Regularcyclesofincreasesanddecreasesinnumbers. [C]Erraticincreasesinnumberscorrelatedwiththeweather. [D]Uncheckedincreasesinnumbersovermanygenerations. 4.Thediscussionconcerningpopulationinthethirdparagraphservesprimarilyto [A]Demonstratethedifficultiesecologistsfaceinstudyingdensity-dependentfactorslimitingpopulationgrowth. [B]Advocatemorerigorousstudyofdensity-dependentfactorsinpopulationgrowth. [C]Provethatthedeathratesofanypopulationareneverentirelydensity-independent. [D]underlinetheimportanceofevensmalldensity-dependentfactorsinregulatinglong-termpopulationdensities. 5.Inthetext,theauthordoesallofthefollowingEXCEPT [A]Citetheviewsofotherbiologists. [B]Defineabasicproblemthatthetextaddresses. [C]Presentconceptualcategoriesusedbyotherbiologists. [D]Describetheresultsofaparticularstudy.
试题分类: 专业英语八级
练习次数:6次
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