Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveionsintheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions?Well,theairisfullofions,electricallychargedparticles,andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargerproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorm,earthquakeswhenwindssuchastheMistral,HamsinorSharavareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibres,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.
Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomesensitivepeoplesuffernauseaorevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsoaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes,snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation,ratstofleefromtheirburrows,dogshowlandcatsjumpaboutunaccountably.ThishasledtheUSGeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.
Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducetheselargeamountsarenearthesea,closetowaterfallsorfountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffectofaholidaybythesea,orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.
Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionisers:smallportablemachines,whichgeneratenegativeions.Theyclaimthationisersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/positiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsbyobservingtheeffectsonthemselves,oronothers,ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterallitisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismicreadingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.
1.Whateffectdoesexceedingpositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople?
A.Theythinktheyareinsane.
B.Theyfeelratherbad-temperedandshort-fussed.
C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.
D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.
2.Inaccordancewiththepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby___.
A.usinghome-madeelectricalgoods.
B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials.
C.walkingonartificialfloorcoverings.
D.copyingTVprogramsonacomputer.
3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound___.
A.nearapoundwithawaterpump.
B.closetoaslow-flowingriver.
C.highinsomebarrenmountains.
D.byarotatingwatersprinkler.
4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors?
A.Ionisers.
B.Air-conditioners.
C.Exhaust-fans
D.Vacuumpumps.
5.Somescientistsbelievethat___.
A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethandependingonseismography.
B.theunusualbehaviorofanimalscannotbetrusted.
C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographsisreliable.
D.earthquake
BCDAA
暂无解析
Thefirstparagraphisintendedto________.
Advertisementsareaimedatpeoplesufferingfrommildcomplaintsbecause________.
PartIIICloze
Directions:Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassageandthenmarksyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisborn61.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,62beingmorecapablethanothers.63nomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligence64hehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhat65totheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbrought66.Ifanindividualishandicapped(受阻碍)67,itislikelythathisbrainwill68todevelopandhewill69attainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheis70.
Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbe71bythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandJohn.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheyareplacedin72foster(寄养)homes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinan73communitywithpooreducational74.John,75,waseducatedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohasbeentocollege.Thisenvironmental76continueduntilthetwinswere77theirlateteens,78theyweregiventeststo79theirintelligence.John’sI.Q.(智商)was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthanthe80andfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.
61.A.forB.byC.withD.in
62.A.mostB.someC.manyD.few
63.A.ButB.ForC.StillD.And
64.A.ifB.thoughtC.asD.unless
65.A.refersB.appliesC.happensD.concerns
66.A.aboutB.upC.forwardD.forth
67.A.relativelyB.intelligentlyC.regularlyD.environmentally
68.A.failB.helpC.manageD.stop
69.A.everB.neverC.evenD.nearly
70.A.ableB.capableC.availableD.acceptable
71.A.demonstratedB.deniedC.neglectedD.ignored
72.A.separateB.similarC.remoteD.individual
73.A.omittedB.isolatedC.enclosedD.occupied
74.A.possibilitiesB.opportunitiesC.capacitiesD.responsibilities
75.A.moreoverB.consequentlyC.thenD.however
76.A.exceptionB.divisionC.differenceD.alteration
77.A.inB.byC.atC.for
78.A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.because
79.A.estimateB.countC.decideD.measure
80.A.averageB.commonC.usualD.ordinary
AccordingtoStevenYoung,ifscientistsgetthedatathat________,theywouldpetitionforfasttrackstatus.
翻译训练:普通话与方言
中国土地广阔,人口众多。尽管全国都讲汉语,但是不同地区的人说汉语的方式不同,这被称为方言。方言一般被称为地方话,是汉语在不同地区的分支,只在特定地区使用。汉语方言非常复杂。它们有以下三方面不同:发音、词汇和语法。发音的区别最为显著。2000多年前,中国人发现社交时应该使用统一的语言。和方言相比,普通话(mandarin)能被所有人理解。普通话有利于不同种族、地区人民之间的信息传递和文化交流。