Breadandbutter____likedbyWesterners.

TEXTC

Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.

Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehas

tobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothe

secondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbroughtup.Ifan

individualishandicapped(不利)environmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillnever

attainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywere

placedinseparatefoster(抚养)homes.Peterwasraisedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunity

withpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulated

intellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheywere

giventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark'sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageand

fullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,

wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

11.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled____________.

A.MeasuringYourIntelligence

B.IntelligenceandEnvironment

C.TheCaseofPeterandMark

D.HowtheBrainInfluencesIntelligence

12.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat_______.

A.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably

B.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimportantindetermininghisintelligence

C.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson'sintelligence

D.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence

13.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is_______.

A.85.B.100C.110D.125

14.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat_______.

A.individualswithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatthesamelevelB.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironment

C.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence

D.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain

15.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual'sI.Q._______.

A.canbepredictedatbirth

B.staysthesamethroughouthislife

C.canbeincreasedbyeducation

D.isdeterminedbyhischildhood

Asthepressure____,theliquidrockisforcedupthroughchannelsintheresistantrocktotheearth’ssurface.

Allofusknow,color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficultto__betweenblueandgreen.

患者男，40岁，2周来右侧咬物不适，冷水引起疼痛，近2日来夜间疼痛，影响睡眠，并引起半侧头痛，疼痛不能定位，检查右侧上、下磨牙面均有深的龋洞。对患牙的应急处理为