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学历类
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建筑工程
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Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
When aluminum was first produced about a hundred and fifty years ago, it was
so difficult to separate form the ores in which it was found that its price was
higher than that of gold. The price remained high until a new process was
discovered for refining the metal with the aid of electricity approximately
three quarters of a century later. The new method was so much cheaper that
aluminum because practical for many purposes, one of which was making pots and
pans.
Aluminum is lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms. By
mixing it with other metals, scientists have been able to produce a variety of
alloys, some of which have the strength of steel but weigh only one third as
much.
Today, the uses of aluminum are innumerable. Perhaps its most important use
is in transportation. Aluminum is found in the engine of automobiles, in the
hulls of boats. It is also used in many parts of airplanes. In fact, the huge
“airbus” planes would probably never have been produced if aluminum did not
exist. By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the
amount of fuel needed to move them, Aluminum is also being used extensively in
the building industry in some countries.
Since aluminum is such a versatile (多用的) metal, it is fortunate that bauxite
(铝土矿), which is one of its chief sources, is also one of the earth’s most
plentiful substances. As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can
expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal.
6. The price of aluminum was sharply reduced when people discovered a new
refining process with the aid of .
A. wind B. solar energy C. hydraulic power D. electricity
7. Aluminum is .
A. lightweight, rustproof but not easily shaped into different forms
B. heavyweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms
C. lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms
D. lightweight and easily shaped into different forms but it is easy to
become rusty
8. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Aluminum is widely used in transportation.
B. Aluminum is also used in many parts of airplanes.
C. Aluminum is being used extensively in the building industry.
D. Aluminum is not used in its pure form.
9. Aluminum is found on earth mostly in the form of .
A. pure metal B. bauxite C. gold D. liquid
10. What is the passage talking about?
A. The features of aluminum and its functions. B. The process of
aluminum.
C. The discovery of aluminum. D. The promising future of aluminum.
What does the future hold for the problem of housing? A good deal depends, of
course, on the meaning of “future”. If one is thinking in terms of science
fiction and the space age, it is at least possible to assume that man will have
solved such trivial and earthly problems as housing. Writers of science fiction,
from H.G. Wells onwards, have had little to say on the subject. They have
conveyed the suggestion that men will live in great comfort, with every
conceivable apparatus to make life smooth, healthy and easy, if not happy. But
they have not said what his house will be made of. Perhaps some new building
material, as yet unimagined, will have been discovered or invented at least. One
may be certain that bricks and mortar(泥灰，灰浆) will long have gone out of
fashion.
But the problems of the next generation or two can more readily be imagined.
Scientists have already pointed out that unless something is done either to
restrict the world’s rapid growth in population or to discover and develop new
sources of food (or both), millions of people will be dying of starvation or at
the best suffering from underfeeding before this century is out. But nobody has
yet worked out any plan for housing these growing populations. Admittedly the
worst situations will occur in the hottest parts of the world, where housing can
be light structure or in backward areas where standards are traditionally low.
But even the minimum shelter requires materials of some kind and in the teeming,
bulging towns the low-standard “housing” of flattened petrol cans and dirty
canvas is far more wasteful of ground space than can be tolerated.
Since the war, Hong Kong has suffered the kind of crisis which is likely to
arise in many other places during the next generation. Literally millions of
refugees arrived to swell the already growing population and emergency steps had
to be taken rapidly to prevent squalor(肮脏)and disease and the spread crime. The
city is tackling the situation energetically and enormous blocks of
tenements(贫民住宅)are rising at an astonishing aped. But Hong Kong is only one
small part of what will certainly become a vast problem and not merely a housing
problem, because when population grows at this rate there are accompanying
problems of education, transport, hospital services, drainage, water supply and
so on. Not every area may give the same resources as Hong Kong to draw upon and
the search for quicker and cheaper methods of construction must never cease.
1.What is the author’s opinion of housing problems in the first
paragraph?
A.They may be completely solved at sometime in the future.
B.They are unimportant and easily dealt with.
C.They will not be solved until a new building material has been
discovered.
D.They have been dealt with in specific detail in books describing the
future.
2.The writer is sure that in the distant future ___.
A.bricks and mortar will be replaced by some other building material.
B.a new building material will have been invented.
C.bricks and mortar will not be used by people who want their house to be
fashionable.
D.a new way of using bricks and mortar will have been discovered.
3.The writer believes that the biggest problem likely to confront the world
before the end of the century ___.
A.is difficult to foresee.
B.will be how to feed the ever growing population.
C.will be how to provide enough houses in the hottest parts of the world.
D.is the question of finding enough ground space.
4.When the writer says that the worst situations will occur in the hottest
parts of the world or in backward areas, he is referring to the fact that in
these parts ___.
A.standards of building are low.
B.only minimum shelter will be possible.
C.there is not enough ground space.
D.the population growth will be the greatest.
5.Which of the following sentences best summarizes Paragraph 3?
A.Hong Kong has faced a serious crisis caused by millions of refugees.
B.Hong Kong has successfully dealt with the emergency caused by millions of
refugees.
C.Hong Kong’s crisis was not only a matter of housing but included a number
of other problems of population growth.
D.Many parts of the world may have to face the kind of problems encountered
by Hong Kong and may find it much harder to deal with them.
Part III Cloze
Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank
there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then
marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.
There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first
is the sort of brain he is born 61 . Human brains differ considerably, 62 being
more capable than others. 63 no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an
individual will have a low order of intelligence 64 he has opportunities to
learn. So the second factor is what 65 to the individual—the sort of environment
in which he is brought 66 . If an individual is handicapped (受阻碍) 67 , it is
likely that his brain will 68 to develop and he will 69 attain the level of
intelligence of which he is 70 .
The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can
be 71 by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins
were three months old, their parents died, and they are placed in 72 foster (寄养)
homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an 73 community with
poor educational 74 . John, 75 , was educated in the home of well-to-do parents
who has been to college. This environmental 76 continued until the twins were 77
their late teens, 78 they were given tests to 79 their intelligence. John’s I.Q.
(智商) was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 80 and fully forty points
higher than his identical brother.
61. A. for B. by C. with D. in
62. A. most B. some C. many D. few
63. A. But B. For C. Still D. And
64. A. if B. thought C. as D. unless
65. A. refers B. applies C. happens D. concerns
66. A. about B. up C. forward D. forth
67. A. relatively B. intelligently C. regularly D. environmentally
68. A. fail B. help C. manage D. stop
69. A. ever B. never C. even D. nearly
70. A. able B. capable C. available D. acceptable
71. A. demonstrated B. denied C. neglected D. ignored
72. A. separate B. similar C. remote D. individual
73. A. omitted B. isolated C. enclosed D. occupied
74. A. possibilities B. opportunities C. capacities D. responsibilities
75. A. moreover B. consequently C. then D. however
76. A. exception B. division C. difference D. alteration
77. A. in B. by C. at C. for
78. A. while B. since C. when D. because
79. A. estimate B. count C. decide D. measure
80. A. average B. common C. usual D. ordinary
Directions: In this part, there are four items which you should translate
into Chinese, each item consisting of one sentence. These sentences are all
taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part III of the Test
Paper. You are allowed minutes to do the translation. You can refer back to the
passages so as to identify their meaning in the context. Write your translation
on the Translation Sheet in Test Paper Two.
T1.(Line2-3, Paragraph1, Passage1)
This was because bacteria entered the cuts in the patients bodied’and started
infection.
T2.(Line2, Paragraph2, Passage2)
Many were rejected by U.S. medical schools simply because there was no
room.
T3:.(Line3-4, Paragraph1, Passage3):
Accused of neglecting this part of our education, my father instituted a
summer school for my brother and me .
T4:.(Line4-5, Paragraph1, Passage4)
Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illnesses because of
the food that is characteristic in these cultures.
